Інформаційні ресурси / Електронна бібліотека ХНТУ / Періодичні видання ХНТУ / Соціально-економічний розвиток регіонів в контексті міжнародної інтеграції (архів) / Статті іноземними мовами / Mechanism of public administration of the pulp-and-paper enterprises |
Mechanism of public administration of the pulp-and-paper enterprises
Дата 17.06.2013 09:59
O.O. Priyatelchuk
Cand.Econ.Sci., associate professor of the international business
Institute of the international relations of KNU of Taras Shevchenko
Annotation. Theoretical principles of mechanisms of state administration cellulose-and-paper enterprises are probed in the article.
Keywords: mechanism, state administration, cellulose-and-paper enterprise.
Relevance of a subject of research and problem statement. Research of theoretical bases of public administration of development of the pulp-and-paper enterprises is extremely actual both with theoretical, and with practical the points of view. Decline of this important for industrial development of the country of the sphere of production is connected not only with the general economic crisis, but also some other the reasons which promoted falling of outputs of vegetable raw materials for the domestic enterprises, to a reshaping of the agricultural enterprises specializing on cultivation of one-year tsellyulozosoderzhashchy cultures (straw, sunflower, corn, flax). Shortcomings of system of state regulation of activity of the pulp-and-paper enterprises became the important reason of it, in our opinion.
Analysis of the last researches and publications. There is a wide range of foreign and domestic publications concerning a state role in management of development of the enterprises in modern conditions. In particular, works of domestic scientists of A.Amosha, B. Burkinsky, I.Gruznov, Zakharchenko, D. Stechenk, N. Chernov are devoted to these questions. The considerable attention to these questions was given in researches of foreign scientists V. Burkov, A.Granberg, P. Drukera, K.Frimen. However practically without attention both domestic, and foreign researchers there were the problems connected with formation of structure, elements of the mechanism of regulation of development of industrial complex of the enterprises, has the specifics of functioning. Especially it concerns a raw complex of pulp and paper industry, unites in itself the enterprises which differ forms of ownership, nature of production and etc.
Research objective. The objective of this research consists in improvement of the mechanism of public administration of the pulp-and-paper enterprises in modern market conditions.
Result of research. One of the main organizational instruments of state regulation is regulation mechanisms, or in a broader sense - management. In economic literature and practical activities the terms "mechanism", "economic mechanism", "organizational and economic mechanism", "economic mechanism", etc. are applied in relation to set of forms, methods, management functions. Together the term "mechanism" that meets in economic literature, is ambiguous and demands the specification. In our opinion, one of the most accurate definitions is the treatment of the mechanism of management as sets of organizational, economic, technological, social and psychological and legal ways of production management with the relations inherent in it, forms and the methods of influence directed on realization of the purposes of management, on providing the coordinated phases of restored production [1, page 23].
In modern scientific literature it is possible to meet such definitions of the term "mechanism", as [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]:
- The sequence of conditions, processes, determines by itself a certain action, the phenomenon;
- System of links, the device, the way defining an order of a certain kind of activity;
- System of straight lines and indirect interrelations between economic events and processes, first of all their opposite sides, and also between subsystems and elements which arise in various types of economic systems and between them;
- The difficult system having information on an entrance as external incentive to action, the converter system of levers and methods of transformation of entrance flows of information in its output stream, an exit - useful result which on form and content represents the objective administrative decision;
- The current transformation of "entrance" to "exit" by means of system with the known design, to known algorithm;
- Implementer of strategy or way of management of achievement of the purpose by the most effective method;
- The interrelation arising between various economic events is necessary, includes a certain sequence of these phenomena.
So, systems, including social and economic, are put in action through operation of certain mechanisms. In most general view structure of the mechanism of management it is presented by two subsystems (blocks): the execution block, carries out the most set (target) system action, and the control unit, necessary in order that left it is set, instead of any other result of action. These blocks can be presented by subsystems of management and production which, interacting, together form an economic mechanism which represents set of organizational structures and concrete forms of managing, methods of management and rules of law by means of which economic laws are used. It is obvious that the economic mechanism is the hierarchy at the level of the enterprise, association, branch into which local mechanisms which differ on factors of influence on processes enter. Among such backbone local mechanisms the leading place is taken by the economic mechanism which represents set of economic methods, ways, forms, tools, a leverage on the economic relations and the processes happening at the enterprise, in association, in an economic complex. Thus, the economic mechanism define as a component of an economic mechanism which represents set of economic ways, methods, levers, standards, indicators by means of which objective economic laws are realized.
But still measures for reforming of a control system of the pulp-and-paper enterprises were reduced, in fact, to redistribution of powers of authority without system updating of all contents and functions of governing bodies. I.Suray draws a conclusion that today we have a situation when change of a condition of object of management demands changes of the subject of management, i.e. reforming of state bodies of economy of Ukraine [8, page 37].
Comparison of opportunities of combination of functions and mechanisms of state regulation with their real application in Ukraine allows authors to draw the following conclusions: first, the set of mechanisms of regulation of the pulp-and-paper enterprises too limited, secondly, many functions of state regulation practically isn't realized though the need for it is considerable, thirdly, even the levers applied, in a due measure don't work.
Basic research of the theory and practice of formation of organizational and economic mechanisms of business management is carried out I.Gruznov [9, 10]. Different types of activity, accept the author, there correspond also certain mechanisms of management. One of them is the economic mechanism of production management, the flowchart of classification of which basic elements is submitted in fig. 1.
Economic mechanisms of each level of decomposition, in turn, the author are divided into the organizational, economic, mixed (organizational and economic) mechanisms of management by the same kinds of activity.
Thus the author understands the concept characterizing set of necessary interrelations as the organizational mechanism of management, arising between various elements of the organization of production, work and management. The economic mechanism is understood as set of the necessary communications, naturally arising between various economic events, objects and results of activity [9, page 168].
By results of research and synthesis of works of leading scientists and the practicians, shining major provisions of economic mechanisms, I.Gruznov put forward essentially new idea of cybernetic approach to formation of the concept of definition of category of economic mechanisms of management by objects of activity in a conceptual framework of various fields of knowledge. Theoretical, methodological and practical bases of such approach include a number of the key provisions allocated in the corresponding blocks, the stage and which development study social and social and economic sciences, on the one hand, both natural and technical - with another. Fundamental principle is the economic environment, is connected with activity of people. In its scientific sphere of studying and development belong scientific and technical, social, ecological and other theories. Application of each of them in activity of any enterprise is carried out through the corresponding policy, the program and the doctrine (concept) of social and economic development of the state for a certain period [9, page 170].
Conceptual provisions, theoretical bases and practice of formation and use of mechanisms of management has to be applied on the following defining postulates [10, page 71]:
- Use of methods of the technical and economic analysis, object-oriented dynamic approach, research of operations, system and integrated approach, optimization, tree of the purposes and B'day. ;
- Uses of the major kinds of activity: scientific and technical, organizational, economic, investment, marketing, information;
- Use of osnovoformuyuchy systems: object of activity as systems, systems of functioning, system of providing and system of increase of efficiency of functioning of object of activity, and also the basic actions connected with development of this or that process, a situation;
- Cumulative development of stages of life cycle of production, the enterprise and the organizations which are letting out this production;
- Satisfaction of new public requirement, requirements of a sales market and receiving the maximum profit;
- Satisfaction of requirements of scientific and technical policy;
- Compliance to tendencies of development of science, equipment, technology, organization, economy, social development and ecology;
- Establishment, support and development of partner communications on business between the departmental organizations and public organizations, with bodies of the state supervision, standardization and production certification etc. ;
- Coverage by measures for acceleration and increase of efficiency of an exit of business economics from a crisis state on micro, meso - macro - and management megalevels.
Conclusions and prospects of further researches. The main stock of state regulation of the pulp-and-paper enterprises is the organizational and economic mechanism of management which is represented as complete system of regulatory tools according to the analysis, strategic planning, control, regulation and the state support of development of a complex in the predetermined purposes. Its essence seems as the mechanism of realization of economic ideology by which the state, regional, branch and corporate governing bodies and comprising any set of forms, methods, instruments of regulation of economic processes are guided in the activity.
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