Research of changes in system of national wealth – the precondition of coordination of economic growth and social development of the state

M. V. Kvak

assistant to chair of economy of Ukraine

Lvov national university of a name of Ivan Franco

Annotation. The article is devoted opening of theoretical aspects of research of changes in the system of national riches of Ukraine in the context of concordance of the economy growing and social development. The theoretical analysis of changes is carried out in the system of national riches of Ukraine and him separate component; the subsystems of national riches are delimited; the functions of national riches of the state are certain in relation to providing of development of economy; an obgruntuvano value and role of the extended recreation of national riches is in socio-economic development of the state.

Keywords: system of national riches, economy growing, social development of the state.

Relevance of a subject of research and problem statement. National wealth - a difficult macrostructure which contains components of the various nature. It gives the grounds to consider it as synergetic system, has the following signs: coherence and interdependence of its subsystems; коеволюцийнисть developments natural, social and economic a component, openness that causes its nonequilibrium conditions, ability to self-organization. Dynamism is inherent in system of national wealth, is shown in quantitative and high-quality changes. However, in scientific literature noticeable gaps have research of changes in system of national wealth. They are in sight of representatives of only separate schools, namely: neoclassical, neokeynesian, institutional, neomaltuziansky and Ukrainian school of physical economy. The modern economic science has to consider deepening of processes of globalization, regionalization and the integration, being accompanied aggravation ekologo-economic, demographic and resource-power problems in world and national economy, and also testify to loss of considerable part of national wealth of the states as potential of growth of their economy. The great value of rational savings, effective use and accumulation of national wealth for coordination of economic, ecological and social development of the country doesn't raise doubts.

Analysis of the last researches and publications. Works of many foreign and domestic economists, such, as are devoted to research of various aspects of this problem: V. Bogachyov, I.Bobukha, E.Bukhvald, A.Weinstein, A.Veklich, Lake Vrublevsky, L.Gryniv, B. Danilishin, S. Doroguntsov, N Zbagersky, V. Katz, Y.Kvasha, V. Kirichenko, Lviv, L.Melnik, Village Mocherny, L.Nesterov, A.Notkin, D. Paskhaver, L.Ribun, A.Sidorovich, A.Sukharev, V. Shevchyuk, L.Shostak, Page Shumsky and others. In their works conceptual bases of research of national wealth are reflected. However, detailed consideration is demanded by macroeconomic research of changes in system of national wealth in a context of coordination of economic growth and social development of the state, and also use of effective mechanisms of macroeconomic regulation for prevention of its loss.

The purpose of our research is disclosure of theoretical aspects of research of changes in system of national wealth of Ukraine in a context of coordination of economic growth and social development.

According to it the following tasks are provided:

- To carry out the theoretical analysis of changes in system of national wealth of Ukraine and its separate components;

- To differentiate subsystems of national wealth;

- To determine functions of national wealth of the state by ensuring development of economy;

- To prove value and a role of expanded reproduction of national wealth in social and economic development of the state.

Result of research. Changes in system of national wealth is a difficult vector and include the various new phenomena and processes which arise in system of national wealth and are caused by exogenous and endogenous factors. Such changes owe the quantitative and qualitative signs influencing a course of ekologo-sotsio-economic processes.

Changes in system of national wealth can be accompanied both accumulation of national wealth, and its losses. Sudden changes in structure of national wealth can happen owing to a combination of some destructive phenomena in the course of reproduction of national economy, in particular increase in external economic dependence of the state, expansion of shadow sector and strengthening of search of a rent. Doesn't raise doubts that fact that negative changes in national wealth today the reason of deepening of the globalization processes, the borders which were accompanied by disappearance, loss of control of unlimited movement of all types of the capital between the states, a tenezation, increase in external debt that leads to considerable losses of national wealth.

Differentiation of various subsystems of national wealth for carrying out an adequate assessment of their role in coordination of economic growth and social development of the state is at the same time necessary.

Developing provisions of representatives of the Ukrainian school of physical economy national wealth it is possible to divide on absolute and relative.

The absolute wealth to which belongs human and natural and resource components of national wealth, is base for creation relative - material and material and non-material components of national wealth. Therefore the structure of national wealth needs to be considered it is a little integrated on the following components: human, natural, non-material or immaterial and material and material. At the same time negative changes in absolute part of national wealth is that signal which testifies to inconsistency of economic growth and social development of the state.

Now it is necessary to treat modern system definitions of changes in national wealth of Ukraine first of all as an important endogenous factor of socioeconomic and ecological changes in national economy. Changes in system of national wealth make a reservation constructive and destructive actions of endogenous and exogenous factors of influence on development of domestic economy. In this regard research макросреды national wealth gains special importance. The main structural divisions of this Wednesday are: natural and resource and ecological environment, economic environment, welfare and demographic environment, institutional and political environment, international political and economic environment.

Let's note that system approach in research of changes in national wealth assumes the accounting of interdependence of models of its use with basic economic parameters of the state (political and macroeconomic stability, economic growth, structure of economy and its balance of payments, population employment, export streams, an exchange rate, real interest rates, etc.). It is especially important to consider interdependence of changes of national wealth with parameters of macroeconomic stability of the state.

It is necessary to classify changes in components of national wealth, by our opinion, by such signs: export the directions of development of branches of economy, fluctuation of parameters of world economy, decrease in volume of the natural capital, outflow of the human capital, a course of reproduction processes in national economy, its restructurization, institutional, standard legal factors, macroeconomic stability and level of capitalization of national economy. Such approach to classification of versions of changes in system of national wealth allows to define more accurately priorities when forming national strategy of use and savings of national wealth in the conditions of need of coordination of economic growth and social development.

In the conditions of internationalization of economic life and globalization of economic processes the national wealth has to be reproduced constantly for satisfaction of requirements of society and a continuity of social and economic development of national economy, and therefore has to be treated as a potential portfolio of assets. In other words, it carries out reserve function. Data on rates of changes of volume of elements of national wealth is decisive criterion at a choice of this or that direction of the state economic policy, including in coordination of economic growth and social development of the nation. That is it is possible to allocate applied function of national wealth. By means of forecasting of all components of national wealth it is possible to operate effectively economic life of the state that will promote reduction of loss of its considerable part and to meet the requirements of national security (predictive function).

The analysis of national wealth showed that today there are adverse changes in system of national wealth of Ukraine, especially in absolute national wealth.

Since 2000 and still in Ukraine reduction of volumes of absolute national wealth is traced. The defining factors causing such adverse changes in domestic economy, in our opinion, are:

- Lack of national strategy of use and savings of national wealth [1, page 59] which priorities would be considered in long-term programs of development of domestic economy;

- Lack of system of definition of economic assets of the country taking into account the cost of the natural and human capital;

- Lack of a uniform state databank according to versions of the national capital of Ukraine;

- Absence of standards of ecologically balanced use of the natural capital;

- Imperfection reflection in structure of national wealth of the country of specific weight of the natural capital;

- Lack of system of definition of losses from irrational use of the natural capital; development of standards of economic incentives of the enterprises and the organizations for improvement of use of the natural capital, its preservation, and economic sanctions for violation of norms of rational environmental management; reasonable and objective taxation;

- Low level of the budgetary financing of education and science (insufficient percent of gross domestic product which allocate for a development of education and sciences);

- Low level of domestic and foreign investments into an education system and their inefficient use;

- Low level of quality of education that demands innovations and innovations;

- Low level of health of children - future carriers of the human capital;

- Need of increase of a salary as source of effective reproduction and accumulation of the human capital in all spheres of economy as the low wage excludes high-quality reproduction of labor not only in present, but also in future generations;

- Lack of system long and short-term forecasting and definition on this basis of the priority directions of savings of national wealth;

- Need of shift of priorities of the state economic policy on resource-and environmental management which has to go not to extensive use of components of national wealth, and on prevention of the wrong administrative decisions in economic, social and ecological spheres.

As the assessment of changes in system of national wealth has to be supplemented with the analysis of process of its current accumulation in a framework of distribution of gross domestic product, the interrelation of economic growth and social development of the state can be characterized on the basis of data on dynamics of gross domestic product of Ukraine created at the expense of a human factor (tab. 1).

From table 1 it is visible that two options of development of national economy are provided: inertial (rate of a gain of gross domestic product in 2009-2020 will increase from 0,5 to 5,2%) and investment and active (rate of a gain of gross domestic product in 2009-2020 will increase from 1 to 6,5%). After 2020 it is provided that Ukraine will reach growth rates of the developed countries (average rate of a gain will make 2,8% a year).

In modern conditions improvement of macroeconomic regulation should be considered as the main objective definition of the priority directions of use of modern methods of macroeconomic regulation as sets of instruments of influence on preservation of national wealth and comprehensive prevention of its loss as the losses suffered from it the country, undermine bases of national security and don't conform to requirements of the concept of a sustainable development.

It is possible to carry to them:

- Decrease in level of differentiation of the income of the population and support of formation of middle class (in Ukraine the share of middle class doesn't exceed 15% of the population [3, page 6]);

- Decrease in an interest rate for the credits for implementation of ecological programs and development of ecologically innovative business;

- The taxation ресурсопотоков from environment;

- Increase in the budgetary expenses at ecological safety;

- Introduction of swap operations as mutually advantageous mechanisms of offset of external debts of the country in exchange for nature protection programs and actions.

According to the Concept of transition of Ukraine to a sustainable development, the last decides as formation of the social and economic development based on idea of coordination of rates of economic and social development with opportunities of natural systems to provide these rates by mineral and biological resources of this kind, - on the one hand, and limits of ability of the biosphere to assimilation of pollution and other negative impacts of economic activity - on another. Thus a priority of a state policy in a triad: the economy-person-nature, moves from economy to the person and the nature. Such development has to be to long-term (constants) and not occur at the expense of deterioration of opportunities of the subsequent generations of people to provide the requirements [4, 5, page 22].

For coordination of economic growth and social development of Ukraine has to realize model of the accelerated modernization of economy at the expense of break strategy by providing a sustainable development in three interconnected planes, namely: in economic (ensuring economic growth by optimum and effective use of natural and intellectual resources for growth of welfare of society), and (quality, safety of life, human development); ecological (preservation of physical and biological resource base and ecosystems) [6, page 133].

Real reduction of economic and social gaps between Ukraine and the countries with the developed market economy has to become qualitative result of economic modernization. Reduction of lag of Ukraine on the gross domestic product level per capita from the developed countries and growth of an index of human development has to become an indicator of success of such process. Reference points of social and economic reforms [7, page 86-87]:

• orientation of social strategy to enhancement of the human capital, preservation of a continuity of its appropriate use, development of education systems, cultures, health care;

• growth of the income, salary thanks to labor productivity increase;

• reorientation of social policy to the insurance principles of financing in the conditions of increase of efficiency of a direct expenditure of budgetary funds on social needs.

In the conditions of reduction of volume of absolute national wealth - the human and natural capitals - in system of national wealth it is necessary rationally and to use effectively them as a source of welfare of the nation and a factor of the balanced social and economic development.

Conclusions and prospects of further researches. The essence of the stated gives the grounds to claim that research of changes in system of national wealth is the first step on a way to coordination of economic growth and social development of the state. Together increase of efficiency of macroeconomic regulation of use and savings of all elements of national wealth on the basis of the balanced social and economic and ecological development of the nation has to become the second step to the today's. After all efficiency of functioning of national economy in the future is in direct dependence on a present state policy on expanded reproduction of all components of system of national wealth. Especially sharp there is a problem of rational use of national wealth at regional level which becomes the direction of our further scientific researches.

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